GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (GTU)#
Competency-focused Outcome-based Green Curriculum-2021 (COGC-2021) Semester-III#
Course Title: Principles of Electronic Communication (Course Code: 4331104)#
| Diploma programme in which this course is offered | Semester in which offered |
|---|---|
| Electronics and Communication Engineering | Third |
1. RATIONALE#
Students of diploma electronics and communication engineering need to have a thorough understanding of fundamental concepts of Electronics and Communication. Diploma students undertaking this course are expected to apply the fundamentals of basic electronic communication system to analyze the different communication (Modulation and Demodulation) methods with its techniques, this basic course develop skills required to learn communication to meet the expectations of the industry.
2. COMPETENCY#
The purpose of this course is to help the student to attain the following industry identified competency through various teaching learning experiences:
- Maintain Electronic Communication Systems.
3. COURSE OUTCOMES (COs)#
The practical exercises, the underpinning knowledge and the relevant soft skills associated with this competency are to be developed in the student to display the following COs:
- a) Distinguish various signals and noise in communication system.
- b) Interpret different parameters of analog modulated signals.
- c) Describe different analog receivers.
- d) Understand sampling theory and waveforms coding techniques.
- e) Identify line coding and multiplexing techniques for various applications.
4. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME#
| Teaching Scheme | Teaching Scheme | Teaching Scheme | Total Credits | Examination Scheme | Examination Scheme | Examination Scheme | Examination Scheme | Examination Scheme |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In Hours) | (In Hours) | (In Hours) | (L+T+P/2) | Theory Marks | Theory Marks | Practical Marks | Practical Marks | Total |
| L | T | P | C | CA | ESE | CA | ESE | Marks |
| 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 30 | 70 | 25 | 25 | 150 |
(*): Out of 30 marks under the theory CA, 10 marks are for assessment of the micro-project to facilitate integration of COs and the remaining 20 marks is the average of 2 tests to be taken during the semester for the assessing the attainment of the cognitive domain UOs required for the attainment of the COs .
Legends: L -Lecture; T - Tutorial/Teacher Guided Theory Practice; P -Practical; C - Credit, CA -Continuous Assessment; ESE -End Semester Examination.
5. SUGGESTED PRACTICAL EXERCISES#
The following practical outcomes (PrOs) that are the sub-components of the COs. Some of the PrOs marked ‘*’ are compulsory, as they are crucial for that particular CO at the ‘Precision Level’ of Dave’s Taxonomy related to ‘Psychomotor Domain’ .
| S. No. | Practical Outcomes (PrOs) | Unit No. | Approx. Hrs. required |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify and observe different analog and digital signals in time domain and frequency domain using simulator or VLab. | 2* | |
| 2 | Measure amplitude of different sinusoidal frequency signals in frequency domain using Spectrum Analyzer. | 2 | |
| 3 | Measure modulation index of an AM envelope. | 2* | |
| 4 | Measure modulation index of an AM envelop by trapezoidal Method. | 2 | |
| 5 | Obtain the frequency response of Pre-emphasis and De- emphasis circuit. | 2* | |
| 6 | Determine Modulation Index of Frequency Modulated wave. | 2* | |
| 7 | Locate various sections of AM radio receiver trainer kit and draw the waveforms at input and output side of each section. | 2* | |
| 8 | Locate various sections of FM radio receiver trainer kit and draw the waveforms at input and output side of each section. | 2* | |
| 9 | Check the demodulated AM signal waveform using envelope detector and draw its input output waveform. | 2 | |
| 10 | Check the demodulated FM signal waveform using detector and draw its input output waveform. | 2 | |
| 11 | Demonstration of fault finding of AM or FM radio receivers. | 2 | |
| 12 | Obtain the response of AGC circuit of the radio receiver. | 2 | |
| 13 | Based on the sampling frequency, reconstruct the signal. | 2* | |
| 14 | Check the performance PCM system for various sinusoidal Signals | 2* | |
| 15 | Check the performance of PAM system. | 2* | |
| 16 | Check the performance of PWM system. | 2 | |
| 17 | Check the performance of PPM system. | 2 | |
| 18 | Simulate AM,FM and SSB signal using Simulation software | 2* | |
| Total | 36 |
Note#
- i. More Practical Exercises can be designed and offered by the respective course teacher to develop the industry relevant skills/outcomes to match the COs. The above table is only a suggestive list .
- ii. The following are some sample ‘Process’ and ‘Product’ related skills (more may be added/deleted depending on the course) that occur in the above listed Practical Exercises of this course required which are embedded in the COs and ultimately the competency..
| S. No. | Sample Performance Indicators for the PrOs | Weightage in % |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prepare of experimental setup | 20 |
| 2 | Operate the equipment setup or circuit | 20 |
| S. No. | Sample Performance Indicators for the PrOs | Weightage in % |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | Follow safe practices measures | 10 |
| 4 | Record observations correctly | 20 |
| 5 | Interpret the result and conclude | 30 |
| Total | Total | 100 |
6. MAJOR EQUIPMENT/ INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED#
This major equipment with broad specifications for the PrOs is a guide to procure them by the administrators to usher in uniformity of practicals in all institutions across the state.
| S. No. | Equipment Name with Broad Specifications | PrO. No. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | RF Signal Generator (10Hz to 100MHz) | 2-14 |
| 2 | Audio Oscillator (20Hz to 20KHz) | 2-12 |
| 3 | CRO 2/3/4 channel (25-100MHz) | 2-6,9,10,13-17 |
| 4 | Spectrum Analyzer | 2,4,6-8 |
| 5 | Digital Multimeter (3-1/2 display) | 5,12 |
| 6 | AC Millivoltmeter | 5,12 |
| 7 | Digital Storage oscilloscope | 2-6,9,10,13-17 |
| 8 | Pulse generator | 15-17 |
| 9 | Trainer Board for different Communication Mod-Demod techniques. | 2-17 |
7. AFFECTIVE DOMAIN OUTCOMES#
The following sample Affective Domain Outcomes (ADOs) are embedded in many of the above mentioned COs and PrOs. More could be added to fulfil the development of this competency.
- a) Work as a leader/a team member.
- b) Follow safety practices while using electrical appliances.
- c) Practice environment friendly methods and processes. (Environment related)
The ADOs are best developed through the laboratory/field based exercises. Moreover, the level of achievement of the ADOs according to Krathwohl’s ‘Affective Domain Taxonomy’ should gradually increase as planned below:
- i. ‘Valuing Level’ in 1 st year
- ii. ‘Organization Level’ in 2 nd year.
- iii. ‘Characterization Level’ in 3 rd year.
8. UNDERPINNING THEORY#
Only the major Underpinning Theory is formulated as higher level UOs of Revised Bloom’s taxonomy in order development of the COs and competency is not missed out by the students and teachers. If required, more such higher level UOs could be included by the course teacher to focus on attainment of COs and competency.
| Unit | Unit Outcomes (UOs) (4 to 6 UOs at Application and above level) | Topics and Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| Unit - I Basics of Communicat ion System | 1a. Describe EM wave spectrum, frequency ranges and its applications. 1b. Represent Sinusoidal, Rectangular, Saw-tooth, Impulse and Pulse waveform. 1c. Describe communication system. 1d. Justify the need for modulation. 1e. Differentiate between analog and digital modulation using waveforms. 1f. Distinguish between external and internal noise and noise sources. | 1.1 Electromagnetic (EM) wave spectrum, frequency bands and their applications domain 1.2 Signals and its representation: analog and digital Signal, Pulse, Impulse, Saw-tooth, sinusoidal and rectangular (In Time & frequency domain) 1.3 Block diagram of Analog and Digital communication system 1.4 Modulation: Definition & its classification based on analog & pulse signal as carrier. Concept of digital modulation 1.5 Noise in communication system, classification of noise, signal to noise ratio(S/N) and noise figure |
| Unit-II Analog Modulation Techniques | 2a. Derive the mathematical expression for Double Sideband Full Carrier (DSBFC) Amplitude Modulation (AM) signal 2b. Sketch the frequency spectrum of the DSBFC Amplitude Modulated wave. 2c. Show the mathematical relation between carrier power, modulated signal power and modulation index 2d. Sketch the frequency spectrum of DSBSC and Single sideband (SSB) Amplitude Modulated wave and Pilot carrier 2e. Explain generation of DSBSC signal using balanced modulator circuit. 2h. Define phase modulation and with relevant sketches. | 2.1 Mathematical expression, waveform and frequency spectrum for the Double sideband full carrier (DSBFC) Amplitude Modulated wave 2.2 Modulation Index, carrier power, modulated signal power and modulation index 2.3 DSBSC and Single sideband (SSB) frequency spectrum, bandwidth 2.4 Power saving in SSB 2.5 DSBSC signal using balanced modulator circuit. 2.6 Mathematical representation of FM wave, waveforms, Frequency spectrum, Modulation index and Bandwidth of FM 2.7 Mathematical |
4.2 Nyquist rate and interval and application of PCM
advantage of Delta Modulation
| 2i. Distinguish between Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis 2k. Explain PAM, PWM and PPM signals with definition and waveform. | representation of PM and its waveform 2.8 Compare AM and FM 2.9 Pre-emphasis and De- emphasis 2.10 Generation techniques for FM wave : Phase locked loop FM modulator 2.11 Pulse Modulation techniques: PAM,PWM, PPM | |
|---|---|---|
| Unit - III Analog Receivers | 3a. Define the characteristics of radio receiver 3b. Describe the functions of each block of super heterodyne receiver 3c. Describe AM detection method 3d. Explain functions of various blocks of FM receiver 3e. Explain working of various types of FM demodulator circuits. | 3.1 Characteristic of radio receiver, Sensitivity, Selectivity, Fidelity, Image frequency rejection 3.2 Block diagram and working of super heterodyne receiver, IF selection, Image frequency 3.3 Envelope detector using diode 3.4 Block diagram of basic FM receiver 3.5 Basics and types of FM demodulators 3.6 FM demodulator using Phase Locked Loop |
| Unit IV Sampling theory and waveform coding | 4a. State the need for sampling theorem. 4b. Describe the Nyquist criteria, Calculate the sampling frequency for any modulating signal 4c. Effect of Sampling rate 4d. Explain sampling techniques 4e. Define the following: quantization , step - size, resolution, uniform and non- uniform quantizer, Quantization noise, Companding 4g. Describe functions of each block of pulse code modulation (PCM) transmitter and receiver. 4h. Describe effect of noise on PCM signal 4i. Explain delta modulation and adaptive delta modulation 4j. Describe slop overload and granular noise 4k. Differentiate Delta and adaptive delta modulation technique. 4l. Explain working of Differential PCM (DPCM) transmitter and receiver. 4m. Compare the features of PCM, DM, | 4.1 Statement and proof of sampling theorem, 4.3 Aliasing error, under sampling, over sampling and critical sampling 4.4 Ideal, Natural and flat top sampling 4.5 Concept of Quantization 4.6 Classification of quantization 4.7 PCM transmitter and receiver 4.8 Advantage, disadvantage 4.9 Block diagram, waveforms, 4.10 Disadvantage of DM (slop overload and Granular noise) 4.11 Adaptive Delta Modulation 4.12 Differential PCM 4.13 Comparison between PCM, DM, ADM and DPCM |
| ADM and DPCM | ||
|---|---|---|
| Unit V Line Coding and Multiplexing | 5a. Differentiate between bit, symbol & Baud rate 5b. Draw RZ, NRZ (Polar & Unipolar),Manchester coding AMI & HDB-3 signal. 5c. Explain 4 level digital multiplexing hierarchy 5d. Describe TDM frame. 5e. Explain PCM-TDM system | 5.1 Bit rate, Baud rate, symbol 5.2 Line coding techniques 5.3 Concept of Time division digital multiplexing, TDM frame 5.4 Block diagram of basic PCM-TDM system |
Note : The UOs need to be formulated at the ‘Application Level’ and above of Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy’ to accelerate the attainment of the COs and the competency.
9. SUGGESTED SPECIFICATION TABLE FOR QUESTION PAPER DESIGN#
| Unit No. | Unit Title | Teaching Hours | Distribution of Theory Marks | Distribution of Theory Marks | Distribution of Theory Marks | Distribution of Theory Marks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unit No. | Unit Title | Teaching Hours | R Level | U Level | A | Total Marks |
| I | Basics of Communication System | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 10 |
| II | Analog Modulation Techniques | 11 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 18 |
| III | Analog receiver | 8 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 11 |
| IV | Sampling theory and waveform coding | 11 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 21 |
| V | Line Coding and Multiplexing | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 10 |
| Total | Total | 42 | 30 | 24 | 16 | 70 |
Legends: R=Remember, U=Understand, A=Apply and above (Revised Bloom’s taxonomy) Note : This specification table provides general guidelines to assist student for their learning and to teachers to teach and question paper designers/setters to formulate test items/questions assess the attainment of the UOs. The actual distribution of marks at different taxonomy levels (of R, U and A) in the question paper may vary slightly from above table.
10. SUGGESTED STUDENT ACTIVITIES#
Other than the classroom and laboratory learning, following are the suggested studentrelated co-curricular activities which can be undertaken to accelerate the attainment of the various outcomes in this course: Students should conduct following activities in group and prepare reports of about 5 pages for each activity, also collect/record physical evidences for their (student’s) portfolio which will be useful for their placement interviews:
- a) Prepare specification of electronic components/ICs used in communication system.
- b) Give seminar on modulators, demodulators and communication techniques, types and applications.
- c) Undertake a survey of different communication methods used in field.
11. SUGGESTED SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES (if any)#
These are sample strategies, which the teacher can use to accelerate the attainment of the various outcomes in this course:
- a) Massive open online courses ( MOOCs ) may be used to teach various topics/sub topics.
- b) Guide student(s) in undertaking micro-projects.
- c) ‘L’ in section No. 4 means different types of teaching methods that are to be employed by teachers to develop the outcomes.
- d) About 20% of the topics/sub-topics which are relatively simpler or descriptive in nature is to be given to the students for self-learning , but to be assessed using different assessment methods.
- e) With respect to section No.11 , teachers need to ensure to create opportunities and provisions for co-curricular activities .
- f) Guide students on how to address issues on environment and sustainability
- g) Guide students for using data manuals.
12. SUGGESTED MICRO-PROJECTS#
Only one micro-project is planned to be undertaken by a student that needs to be assigned to him/her in the beginning of the semester. In the first four semesters, the micro-project are group-based. However, in the fifth and sixth semesters, it should be preferably be individually undertaken to build up the skill and confidence in every student to become problem solver so that s/he contributes to the projects of the industry. In special situations where groups have to be formed for micro-projects, the number of students in the group should not exceed three.
The micro-project could be industry application based, internet-based, workshopbased, laboratory-based or field-based. Each micro-project should encompass two or more COs which are in fact, an integration of PrOs, UOs and ADOs. Each student will have to maintain dated work diary consisting of individual contribution in the project work and give a seminar presentation of it before submission. The total duration of the micro-project should not be less than 16 (sixteen) student engagement hours during the course. The student ought to submit micro-project by the end of the semester to develop the industry oriented COs.
A suggestive list of micro-projects is given here. This has to match the competency and the COs. Similar micro-projects could be added by the concerned course teacher:
- a) Build AM transmitter circuit using transistor/IC.
- b) Demonstrate AM communication System including AM transmitter and receiver.
- c) Build FM Transmitter circuit using IC.
- d) Demonstrate FM communication System including FM transmitter and receiver.
- e) Build a PAM Modulator using 555/OPAMP.
- f) Build a PWM Modulator using 555/OPAMP.
- g) Build a PPM Modulator using 555/OPAMP.
- h) Demonstrate Analog Communication system on Virtual Lab.
- i) Visit nearby FM radio station and prepare brief report including Gain, Frequency and Area specifications.
- j) Prepare Chart on Different Pulse Modulation techniques.
- k) Prepare Chart on Different line coding techniques.
13. SUGGESTED LEARNING RESOURCES#
| S. No. | Title of Book | Author | Publication with place, year and ISBN |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Communication systems (Analog and Digital) | Sanjay Sharma | S K Kataria and Sons, 4 th Edition KATSON |
| 2 | Electronics Communication System (Fundamental to Advance) | Wayen Tomasi | Pearson Education, 5 th edition |
| 3 | Analog Communication | V.Chandra Sekar | Oxford University Press |
| 4 | Electronic Communications Modulation and Transmission | Robert J. Schoenbeck | PHI Learning, 2 nd Edition |
| 5 | Electronic Communication Systems | George Kennedy and Bernard Davis | Tata McGraw Hill 5 th edition or latest |
| 6 | Electronics Communication | Dennis Roddy and John Coolen | Pearson Education 4th Edition |
| 7 | Digital Communications | Sanjay Sharma | KATSON Books |
14. SOFTWARE/LEARNING WEBSITES#
- a. Analog communication
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117105143
- b. Introduction to Digital Communication
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117101051
- c. signals and their properties
http://ssl-iitg.vlabs.ac.in/Signals%20and%20their%20properties(objectives).html
- d. Sampling Signal reconstruction
- http://ssl-
iitg.vlabs.ac.in/Sampling%20and%20signal%20reconstruction%20(objective).html
- e. Amplitude Modulation
https://www.etti.unibw.de/labalive/index/analogmodulation/
- f. FM transmitter
https://www.etti.unibw.de/labalive/index/analogmodulation/
- g. FM Signal Spectra
https://www.etti.unibw.de/labalive/index/analogmodulation/
- h. FM Receiver https://www.etti.unibw.de/labalive/index/analogmodulation/
- i. SNR Demonstration
https://www.etti.unibw.de/labalive/index/analogmodulation/
- j. Quantization
https://www.etti.unibw.de/labalive/index/analogmodulation/
- k. PAM
https://www.multisim.com/content/TbNG4WmBH8htyxzRDzkeU8/pulseamplitude-modulation/open/
- l. PWM https://www.falstad.com/circuit/e-555pulsemod.html
- m. PLL FM Modulator
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256133199_PLL_Based_High_Frequenc y_FM_Modulator
n. PLL FM Demodulator#
https://electronicspost.com/pll-fm-demodulator-phase-locked-loop-fmdemodulator/
15. PO-COMPETENCY-CO MAPPING#
| Semester I | Semester I | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) | PEC (Course Code: ………………… ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Competency & Course Outcomes | PO 1 Basic & Discipline specific knowledge | PO 2 Problem Analysis | PO 3 Design/ development of solutions | PO 4 Engineering Tools, Experimentation &Testing | PO 5 Engineering practices for society, sustainability & environment | PO 6 Project Management | PO 7 Life-long learning | |
| CO a) | Competency ‘Maintain Electronic Communication Systems.’ Distinguish various signals and noise in communication | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | 2 |
| CO b) | Interpret different parameters of analog modulated signals. | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| CO c) | Describe different analog receivers. | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| CO d) | Understand sampling theory and waveforms coding techniques. | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| CO e) | Identify line coding and multiplexing techniques for various applications. | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | - | 2 |
Legend: ’ 3’ for high, ’ 2 ’ for medium, ‘1’ for low or ‘-’ for the relevant correlation of each competency, CO, with PO/ PSO
16. COURSE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE#
GTU Resource Persons#
| S. No. | Name and Designation | Institute | Contact No. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | M.N Charel HOD EC Dept. | Government Polytechnic, Ahmedabad | - | manishcharel@yahoo.com |
| 2 | K J Pithadiya | BBIT | 9898491548 | kunalpithadiya1@gmail.com |
| 3 | ||||
| 4 |
BoS Resource Persons#
| Sr. No. | Name and Designation | Institute | Contact No. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dr. A S Pandya, Principal BoS Chairman Electrical & Allied | AVPTI, Rajkot 9426201171 aspandya22@rediffmail.com |
| Sr. No. | Name and Designation | Institute | Contact No. Email |
|---|---|---|---|
| Branches | |||
| 2. | Dr. S N Sampat i/c Principal BoS Member-EC | GGP, Surat | 9033777389 snsampat@gmail.com |
| 3. | Shri U V Buch, LEC BoS Member-EC | GP A’bad | 9825346922 uvbuch@gmail.com |